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3M LITTMANN MASTER CLASSIC II BLACK EDITION STETHOSCOPE    US $63.00

3M Littmann Stethoscope Classic II SE    US $39.00

Littmann Master Cardiology Stethoscope New All Black    US $175.00

Littmann select stethoscope    US $40.00

3M Littmann Master Cardiology Stethoscope BEAUTY    US $132.50

Littmann Pediatric Stethoscope    US $31.00

Brand New 3M Littmann Lightweight II SE Stethoscope Ceil Blue in Original Box    US $31.00

Littmann Classic ll SE stethoscope NEVER USED IN BOX    US $33.99

3M Littmann Master Classic 2 II Stethoscope BLACK EDITION BE BEAUTY    US $80.00

EUC LITTMANN Classic II SE SE Stethoscope    US $34.99

NEW 3M Littmann 2210 Classic II SE Stethoscope Raspberry 28 inch    US $102.99

Littmann Stethoscope Master Cardiology    US $155.00

Brand New LITTMANN Classic II SE Stethoscope Black 2201    US $68.99

Brand New Littmann Stethoscope    US $90.00

3M Littmann Cardiology III Stethoscope 27 Inch Black New    US $79.00

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Littman Stethoscope: Which Tubing Length is Better - Long or Short?

Doctors diagnose and treat problems before they become a cause for concern, by using stethoscopes that help them listen to any irregular sounds in a patient's body.

The two-sided stethoscope was the result of a realization by David Littmann, the inventor of the Littman stethoscope, that listening to low and high pitch sounds were two completely different processes, and needed to be treated accordingly, for stethoscope design.

That led to the introduction of Littman's two-sided stethoscope - the open side facilitates listening to low pitch sounds while the closed side is useful for listening to high pitched sounds.

Accordingly, the Littman stethoscope has a two-sided piece, one side of which is made up of a diaphragm to magnify body sounds, and the other side is a bell which is a hollow cup that helps transmit the skin-vibrating sound of the patient.

A doctor uses the bell to listen to low frequency heart sounds, while using the diaphragm side to pick up sounds at a higher frequency. Both the sides are useful for listening to a person's heartbeat, and problems like weak heartbeat, irregular beat, or other irregularities, if any, are revealed, in this process.

Shorter tubing length of a stethoscope can lead to improved acoustic response, according to health care professionals. Medical students are advised to buy a stethoscope with the shortest tube.

As market leaders, the manufacturers of Littman stethoscope took it on themselves to test the truth about the length of the tubing.

They explained it with an analogy about a garden hose, an increase in whose length results in a decrease in pressure at the end of the hose. This happens because of frictional and other internal forces. A similar effect takes place when the tubing length of a stethoscope is increased. But as the length of the tubing in a stethoscope is small, the decrease in acoustic pressure is unlikely to affect its performance.

On the other hand, if the tube length is increased, resonant frequency decreases. This helps pick up low frequency sounds. Heart sounds are low frequency sounds .which fall below 150 Hz.

Taking the above factors into account, there is no tangible difference in acoustical performance between Littman stethoscopes with shorter tubing versus those with longer tubing. Instead, there may be some enhancements to low frequency sounds. Consequently, doctors can listen to both low and high frequency sounds, with a single stethoscope.

Instruments with longer tubing are more appropriate for people who wear stethoscopes around their neck as they drape better. To decide optimal tube length, one should also consider the height and arm length of the practitioner.

Also, many practitioners prefer treating sicker patients with infectious disease from a distance, while auscultating. A practitioner's lower back can get stressed owing to prolonged bending - longer tubing also does away with the need to bend.

The manufacturers' reputation for research and innovation has meant that most cardiologists and specialists who expect the maximum amount of accuracy and amplification of sound from their stethoscopes demand Littman stethoscopes.

About the Author

Richard J. Runion is the President of Geostar Publishing & Services LLC. Rich loves net research & blogging. His new blog on Littman Stethoscope is fast becoming popular, as it is comprehensive and well-researched. Read his blog at: http://littmanstethoscopereview.com/

where in delhi / NCR I can buy Littmann stethoscope....my daughter perusing MBBS 4TH YR.?

i would like the round about pricing with the modal no

Any medical store.

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	3M 2113NA High Temperature Flue Tape, 15-Foot Roll List Price: $9.36 Sale Price: $5.99

	3M(TM) Littmann(R) Classic II S.E. Stethoscope 2201, 28 inch, Black tube [PRICE is per BOX] List Price: $132.50 Sale Price: $80.35
	Featuring a two-sided chestpiece, this classic stethoscope offers high acoustic sensitivity for superior performance. A tunable diaphragm on one side augments the traditional bell function of the opposite side.

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	3M Littmann Model 3200 Amplified Electronic BlueTooth Stethoscope List Price: $770.99 Sale Price: $359.99
	Listen to, record & playback recorded sounds of the heart, lung & body. The 3M Littmann Model 3200 is an amplified electronic stethoscope that enables the user to hear and record heart, lung and body sounds and to wirelessly transmit those sounds via Bluetooth technology to a PC for analysis...

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3M Littmann Select Stethoscope $53.99 0% 0.64 oz 1 2290 28" Length 3M Stethoscope features a convenient tunable diaphragm and single-sided, coated alloy chestpiece that provides clear, reliable acoustics. Headset is comfortably angled and anatomically correct. Black Littmann Littmann Select Stethoscope No Stethoscope www.3m.com

Littmann Cardiology III stethoscope. $142.99 The Littmann brand name is your assurance of precision, acoustical superiority, innovative design and exceptional performance. The Littmann Cardiology III stethoscope is designed for cardiology/high performance use. The chestpiece is constructed of machined stainless steel and has a two-sided tunable diaphragm. 27inch length with extra soft-sealing eartips. 5 year warranty. Watch the video below for more information on this scope:

Littmann Select stethoscope. $45.99 The Littmann brand name is your assurance of precision, acoustical superiority, innovative design and exceptional performance. The Select stethoscope is designed for blood pressure and limited physical assessment. The chestpiece is constructed of coated alloy with a single-sided diaphragm. 28inch length with firm eartips. 2 year warranty. Watch the video below for more information on this scope:

Littmann Master Classic stethoscope. $93.99 The Littmann brand name is your assurance of precision, acoustical superiority, innovative design and exceptional performance. The Master Classic II stethoscope is designed for physical assessment and diagnosis. The chestpiece is constructed of plated and polished alloy with a single sided tunable diaphragm. 27inch length with extra soft-sealing eartips. 3 year warranty. Watch the video below for more information on this scope:

Littmann Master Cardiology stethoscope. $169.99 The Littmann brand name is your assurance of precision, acoustical superiority, innovative design and exceptional performance. The Master Cardiology stethoscope is designed for cardiology/high performance use. The chestpiece is constructed of polished stainless steel with a single-sided diaphragm. 27inch length with extra soft-sealing eartips. 7 year warranty. Watch the video below for more information on this scope:

3M Littmann Cardiology III Stethoscope $162.99 0% 1 27" Length - Overall 3.07 oz - Chestpiece 3128 3M 6.70 oz Headset material Wide Diameter Aerospace Alloy Binaural Construction: Double Lumen Chestpiece Technology: Double sided Eartip Type: Soft Sealing Tunable Diaphragm Stethoscope features a patented tunable diaphragm on each side of chestpiece for adult, pediatric and small site auscultation. Conveniently alternate between low-frequency and high-frequency sounds without need to turn over chestpiece. Solid stainless steel chestpiece provides outstanding acoustic performance. Headset is comfortably angled and anatomically correct. Stethoscope has an excellent acoustic seal and comfortable fit with patented 3M Littmann Snap-tight, soft-sealing eartips as well as a patient-friendly, nonchill rim and diaphragm. Recommended as diagnostic aid and for cardiology and high-performance adult and pediatric use. Black - Tube Littmann Littmann Cardiology III Stethoscope No Stethoscope www.3m.com

3M Littmann Stethoscope Cardiology III, 27 Black $158.2 Features of the 3M Littmann Stethoscope Cardiology III: * Solid stainless steel chestpiece. * Two-in-one tube design eliminates tube rubbing noise and provides stereo sound. * Comfortably angled, anatomically correct headset. * Nonchill rim & diaphragm. * Patented 3M Littmann Snap Tight Soft-Sealing Eartips. * This Littmann stethoscope offers outstanding acoustic quality along with added versatility.

3M Littmann Stethoscope Cardiology III, 27 Gray $158.2 Features of the 3M Littmann Stethoscope Cardiology III: * Solid stainless steel chestpiece. * Two-in-one tube design eliminates tube rubbing noise and provides stereo sound. * Comfortably angled, anatomically correct headset. * Nonchill rim & diaphragm. * Patented 3M Littmann Snap Tight Soft-Sealing Eartips. * This Littmann stethoscope offers outstanding acoustic quality along with added versatility.

3M Littmann Stethoscope Cardiology III, 27 Chocolate $158.2 Features of the 3M Littmann Stethoscope Cardiology III: * Solid stainless steel chestpiece. * Two-in-one tube design eliminates tube rubbing noise and provides stereo sound. * Comfortably angled, anatomically correct headset. * Nonchill rim & diaphragm. * Patented 3M Littmann Snap Tight Soft-Sealing Eartips. * This Littmann stethoscope offers outstanding acoustic quality along with added versatility.

3M Littmann Stethoscope Cardiology III, 27 Burgundy $158.2 Features of the 3M Littmann Stethoscope Cardiology III: * Solid stainless steel chestpiece. * Two-in-one tube design eliminates tube rubbing noise and provides stereo sound. * Comfortably angled, anatomically correct headset. * Nonchill rim & diaphragm. * Patented 3M Littmann Snap Tight Soft-Sealing Eartips. * This Littmann stethoscope offers outstanding acoustic quality along with added versatility.

3M Littmann Stethoscope Cardiology III, 27 Plum $158.2 Features of the 3M Littmann Stethoscope Cardiology III: * Solid stainless steel chestpiece. * Two-in-one tube design eliminates tube rubbing noise and provides stereo sound. * Comfortably angled, anatomically correct headset. * Nonchill rim & diaphragm. * Patented 3M Littmann Snap Tight Soft-Sealing Eartips. * This Littmann stethoscope offers outstanding acoustic quality along with added versatility.

Littmann Lightweight II SE stethoscope. $44.99 The Littmann brand name is your assurance of precision, acoustical superiority, innovative design and exceptional performance. The Lightweight II S.E. stethoscope is designed for blood pressure and limited physical assessment. The chestpiece is constructed of a high-tech resin composite with a two-sided diaphragm. 28inch length with soft-sealing eartips. 2 year warranty. Please note due to the styling and tube size, this scope cannot be personalized. Watch the video below for more information on this scope:

Littmann Classic II SE stethoscope. $69.99 The Littmann brand name is your assurance of precision, acoustical superiority, innovative design and exceptional performance. The Classic II S.E. stethoscope is designed for physical assessment and diagnosis. The chestpiece is constructed of machined stainless steel with a two-sided diaphragm. 28inch length with extra soft-sealing eartips. 3 year warranty. Watch the video below for more information on this scope:

3M Littmann Classic II S.E. Stethoscope $75.99 0% 1 2.29 oz - Chestpiece 2201 28" Length - Overall 3M 4.41 oz Tunable Diaphragm Eartip Type: Soft Sealing Standard Diameter Aerospace Alloy Binaural Construction: Single Lumen Littmann Classic II S.E. Stethoscope features a two-sided chestpiece and high acoustic sensitivity for superior performance. Traditional bell combines with patented tunable diaphragm that conveniently alternates between low-frequency and high-frequency sounds without need to turn over the chestpiece. Stethoscope provides excellent acoustic seal and comfortable fit with patented 3M Littmann snap-tight, soft-sealing eartips. Headset is comfortably angled and anatomically correct. Design also features a patient-friendly, nonchill rim and diaphragm. Black - Tube Littmann Littmann Classic II S.E. Stethoscope No Stethoscope Two-sided Chestpiece www.3m.com

3M Littmann Stethoscope Binaural Assembly for Cardiology Stethoscopes, 27, Black $74.3 3M Littmann Stethoscope Binaural Assembly for Master Cardiology™, Cardiology III, Cardiology II S.E. and Cardiology S.T.C. Stethoscopes.

3M Littmann Stethoscope Binaural Assembly for Cardiology Stethoscopes, 22, Black $79.64 3M Littmann Stethoscope Binaural Assembly for Master Cardiology™, Cardiology III, Cardiology II S.E. and Cardiology S.T.C. Stethoscopes.

3M Littmann Non-Chill Bell Sleeve for Cardiology III Stethoscope, Black, Each $8.3 3M Littmann Non-Chill Bell Sleeve for Cardiology III Stethoscope

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3M Littmann Tunable Diaphragm and Rim Assembly, 5/bag $47.43 3M Littmann Tunable Diaphragm and Rim Assembly for Littmann Master Cardiology Stethoscope, Black rim.

3M Littmann Stethoscope Cardiology III, 22 Black $168.25 Features of the 3M Littmann Stethoscope Cardiology III:* Solid stainless steel chestpiece. * Two-in-one tube design eliminates tube rubbing noise and provides stereo sound. * Comfortably angled, anatomically correct headset. * Nonchill rim & diaphragm. * Patented 3M Littmann Snap Tight Soft-Sealing Eartips. * This innovative design offers a patented diaphragm on each side of the chestpiece.

Littmann Classic II Stethoscope, Pediatric, Black, #2113 $102.88 Littmann Classic II Stethoscope, Pediatric, Black, #2113&#8226 Physical assessment and diagnosis applications&#8226 Optimally sized to facilitate sound sources in smaller patients&#8226 Floating diaphragm technology&#8226 Single-lumen tubing, nonchill rim and patented Littmann soft-sealing eartips&#8226 Tunable diaphragm&#8226 3-year warranty &#8226 Length: 28 Product photo may not exactly match the product offered for sale. Please refer to the product description.

Littmann Classic II Stethoscope, Infant, Red, #2114R $102.88 Littmann Classic II Stethoscope, Infant, Red, #2114R&#8226 Physical assessment and diagnosis applications&#8226 Optimally sized to facilitate sound sources in smaller patients&#8226 Floating diaphragm technology&#8226 Single-lumen tubing, nonchill rim and patented Littmann soft-sealing eartips&#8226 Tunable diaphragm&#8226 3-year warranty &#8226 Length: 28 Product photo may not exactly match the product offered for sale. Please refer to the product description.

Littmann Classic II Stethoscope, Pediatric, Raspberry, #2122 $102.88 Littmann Classic II Stethoscope, Pediatric, Raspberry, #2122&#8226 Physical assessment and diagnosis applications&#8226 Optimally sized to facilitate sound sources in smaller patients&#8226 Floating diaphragm technology&#8226 Single-lumen tubing, nonchill rim and patented Littmann soft-sealing eartips&#8226 Tunable diaphragm&#8226 3-year warranty &#8226 Length: 28 Product photo may not exactly match the product offered for sale. Please refer to the product description.

Littmann Classic II Stethoscope, Infant, Raspberry, #2125 $102.88 Littmann Classic II Stethoscope, Infant, Raspberry, #2125&#8226 Physical assessment and diagnosis applications&#8226 Optimally sized to facilitate sound sources in smaller patients&#8226 Floating diaphragm technology&#8226 Single-lumen tubing, nonchill rim and patented Littmann soft-sealing eartips&#8226 Tunable diaphragm&#8226 3-year warranty &#8226 Length: 28 Product photo may not exactly match the product offered for sale. Please refer to the product description.

Littmann Classic II Stethoscope, Infant, Lilac, #2126 $102.88 Littmann Classic II Stethoscope, Infant, Lilac, #2126&#8226 Physical assessment and diagnosis applications&#8226 Optimally sized to facilitate sound sources in smaller patients&#8226 Floating diaphragm technology&#8226 Single-lumen tubing, nonchill rim and patented Littmann soft-sealing eartips&#8226 Tunable diaphragm&#8226 3-year warranty &#8226 Length: 28 Product photo may not exactly match the product offered for sale. Please refer to the product description.

Littmann Classic II Stethoscope, Pediatric, Red, #2113R $102.88 Littmann Classic II Stethoscope, Pediatric, Red, #2113R&#8226 Physical assessment and diagnosis applications&#8226 Optimally sized to facilitate sound sources in smaller patients&#8226 Floating diaphragm technology&#8226 Single-lumen tubing, nonchill rim and patented Littmann soft-sealing eartips&#8226 Tunable diaphragm&#8226 3-year warranty &#8226 Length: 28 Product photo may not exactly match the product offered for sale. Please refer to the product description.

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Littmann Select Stethoscope, Adult, Raspberry, #2296 $52.97 Littmann Select Stethoscope, Adult, Raspberry, #2296&#8226 General examination applications&#8226 Anatomically correct headset with firm eartips&#8226 Single-lumen tubing &#8226 2-year warranty &#8226 Length: 28 Product photo may not exactly match the product offered for sale. Please refer to the product description.